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- Discuss TWO (2) body surface electrodes that can record the bioelectric potential of the heart activity.Answer the following showing your work: a) If the attenuation coefficient of the heart muscle anm the distance at which the signal amplitude of a 2-MHz ultrasound beam will be reduced by half traveling through heart muscle. b) You have two transducers available, a 25-MHz transducer and a 3-MHz transducer. Which transducer should you use to perform an echocardiogram, and why (show your work)? = 0.185 (cm MHz)-, calculateDesign a basic heart pulse monitoring system. The design must be a low cost device. Your answer should follow the following format: Block Diagram Component / Circuit Signal type
- Select the TRUE statement/s: Calcium channel blocker will affect which phase/s of the cardiac muscle cell action potential? Copyright © McGraw-Hill Education. Permission required for reproduction or display. +30- Membrane potential (mv) +10. -10- -30- -50- -70- -90 0 O A) Phase 1 OB) Phase 2 OC) Phase 3 (b) Electrical events at the sarcolemma of a cardiac muscle cell OD) Phase 4 3 0.15 Time (seconds) OE) All of the above RMP 0.30DA-LTE Blood is flowing through a bundle of hollow fiber tubes that are each 50 µm in diameter. There are 10,000 tubes in the bundle. The hollow fiber tube length is 12 cm and the pressure drop across each tube is found to be 250 mmHg. The hematocrit of the blood is 0.40. Estimate the blood flow rate for these conditions in each tube.200 Curve 1 175 Curve 2 150 125 Curve 3 100 75 50 25 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 LV End Diastolic Volume (mL) Use the information in this paragraph and the image above to answer the question below. This figure shows the relationship between EDV and SV. Curve 2 is representatíve of a normal individual sitting on a bike, resting. There are two other curves illustrated and there are multiple points landmarked with a "o" and the letters "A to F". You can assume that the only changes in relevant variables are described in each question. If a variable is not mentioned you can assume that it has not changed. The starting point is "A". Select an appropriate pointif there was an increase in cardiac inotropy. 23 D. Stroke Volume (mL)
- 1 paragraph describing the lead concept for blood pressure machines 1 paragraph indicating the concept’s regulatory pathway for blood pressure machines 1 paragraph with 5 regulatory questions you’d like to discuss for blood pressure machines conceptIn which of the following situations is calcium moving through a channel in the pacemaker membrane driven by concentration but against charge? O during the repolarization phase of the action potential, just before the channel closes O during the depolarization phase of the action potential, just after the channel opens O never O at all times that sodium is moving through the membrane O during the repolarization phase of the action potential, just after the channel opens O during the depolarization phase of the action potential, just before the channel closes O during the pacemaker potential, just before the funny channel closesCardiomyocyte action potential 3 4 5 2 1 0.15 0.30 time (s) For our course, "regular" cardiocytes are cardiocytes that are NOT part of the SA node. Please use the word bank to complete the following statements: (choices can be used more than once, obviously) voltage-gated calcium channels voltage-gated sodium channels voltage-gated potassium channels stable not stable Unlike SA node cardiocytes, regular cardiocytes have a resting membrane potential that is Regular cardiocytes become stimulated when calcium and sodium pass fro neighboring excited cardiocytes through gap junctions (see 1). This causes to open, resulting in the regular cardiocytes to sharply depolarize (see 2). At 3, these channels close, and open, resulting in both depolarization and sarcomere contraction. Also at 3, open, causing the cell to repolarize. The opposing forces, (depolarization and repolarization) of the two channels that are open simultaneously, results in a plateau (see 4). This plateau continues until…
- ERCISE 36 Electrical Activity of the Heart Use this grid to graph the heart rates observed after exercise. Be sure to label your graph completely and accurately. bon Put in Order (rearrange these heart structures in the order through which electrical signals are conducted in a single cardiac cycle) Put in Order 1. atrial myocardium AV bundle branches nim 2. AV bundle AV node subendocardial (Purkinje) fibers SA node 3. 4. 5. ventricular myocardium 6. Fill-in (complete each statement with the correct term) 7. 1. Relaxation of a heart chamber is called _?_. 2. Contraction of a heart chamber is called _?_. 3. The portion of the ECG that represents ventricular repolarization is the _?. 4. Leads I, II, and III together are called the _?_ leads, or appendicular leads. 5. ? is the condition of elevated heart rate. Fill-in 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. a 0010 bu Floouior Inc All rights reserved.A 65-year old man with heart failure is unable to climb a flight of stairs without experiencing dyspnea. After several years of therapy with carvedilol, captopril and furosemide, the therapeutic plan probably needs to change now. You empirically add digoxin to improve cardiac muscle contractility. Within 4 week he has a marked improvement in his symptoms. Which of the following best describes the main cellular action of digoxin that accounts for its ability to improve his cardiovascular function? Activates beta1-adrenergic receptors Facilitates GTP binding to specific proteins Increases mitochondrial calcium (Ca++) release Inhibits sarcolemmal Na/K-ATP-aseWhich of the following statements about Ca2+ handling in cardiac contractile cells is FALSE? a. One Ca2+ spark is sufficient to cause cross bridge cycling b. When Ca2+ ions flow out of the sarcoplasmic reticulum and into the cytosol, they create a Ca2+ spark c. Ca2+ released from the SR provides ~80% of the Ca2+ needed for muscle contraction d. Summed Ca2+ sparks from different RyR channels create a Ca2+ signal sufficient to cause cross bridge cycling e. Ca2+ sparks can be visualised using biochemical methods
