2A. Red blood cells synthesize and degrade 2,3-bisphosphoglycerate (2,3-BPG) by a detour of theglycolytic pathway, as shown below:glyeeraldehyde 3-phosphateGAP dehydrogenase1,3-bisphosphoglyceratebisphosphoglycerate mutaseADPphosphoglycerate kinase2,3-bisphosphoglycerateATP3-phosphoglycerate2,3-bisphosphoglycerate phosphatasephosphoglycerate mutase2-phosphoglycerate(i) The bisphosphoglycerate mutase/2,3-bisphosphoglcerate phosphatase reaction is catalyzed by a single enzyme,BPGM. At alkaline pH, BPGM favors the mutase activity while at lower pH, BPGM favors the phosphatasereaction. Use this information, along with the Bohr effect, to explain in the space below how red blood cellsrespond to a metabolic defect where a patient experiences chronic, elevated levels of lactic acid. I(ii) Individuals with red blood cell phosphoglycerate kinase deficiency suffer from moderate hemolytic anemia (acondition where red blood cells self-destruct before their normal lifespan). They also have unusual levels of ATPand 2,3-BPG. Predict what is unusual about the ATP and 2,3-BPG levels in this genetic disorder and explain whythese patients suffer from mild hemolytic anemia

1) At alkaline pH BPGM show the mutase activity. Here the enzyme Bisphosphoglycerate mutase (BPGM)…

Answered: Red blood cells synthesize and degrade…

Biochemistry

6th Edition

ISBN:9781305577206

Author:Reginald H. Garrett, Charles M. Grisham

Publisher:Reginald H. Garrett, Charles M. Grisham

Chapter18: Glycolysis

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 13P

See similar textbooks

Similar questions

In class, I mentioned that fructose is metabolized differently in the liver compared to glucose. Refer to the figure shown below to calculate the number ofATPs you would expect from the metabolism of fructose in the liver. Show your work! Fructokinase Fructose Fructose-1-P АТР ADP Aldolase B Dihydroxy- acetone phosphate Glyceraldehyde АТР Triose kinase Triose phosphate isomerase ADP 4 - Glyceraldehyde-3-P Glycolysis Руruvate Acetyl-CoA Fatty acids and triglycerides
Write the structure of each nucleotide-linked sugar in the pathway shown in Figure
Which reaction below in the glycolytic pathway has a highly unfavorable delta Gº' but a favorable delta G under physiological conditions? 1,3-Bisphosphoglycerate + ADP3-Phosphoglycerate + ATP O2-phosphoglyerate → phosphoenolpyruvate Ofructose-1,6-bisphosphate dihydroxyacetone phosphate + glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate Ofructose-6-phosphate → fructose-1,6-bisphosphate
Which of these enzymes is needed to maintain a steady pool of methylene THF used in pyrimidine synthesis and cancer cells proliferation? Group of answer choices Phosphoglyceratedehydrogenase Glyceraldehydegehydrogenase Glycine decarboxylase Thymidylatesynthase
A. Identify different types of organic reaction mechanims in the followingmetabolic pathways.1. Catabolism of triacylglycerols- beta-oxidation pathway2. Biosynthesis of fatty acids from Acetyl CoA3. Glycolysis (from glucose to two molecules of pyruvate)4. Conversion of Pyruvate to Acetyl CoA5.Citric acid cycle6. Gluconeogensis pathway (pyruvate to glucose) B. Identify at most 5 organic reactions for each metabolic pathway.
Refer to the figure below: -Adenosine COAS The thiolate anion of CoA acts as a/an nucleophile attacking the carbonyl carbon of the enzyme bound intermediate, displacing AMP and forming a fatty acyl CoA. Which of the following glycolytic intermediates could be regarded as a high-energy molecule? Dihydroxyacetone phosphate Phosphoenolpyruvate Fructose 6-phosphate 3-Phosphoglycerate
B-oxidation of a 15:0 fatty acid will result in the production of O 7 acetyl CoA, 7 FADH2, and 7 NADH O 7 acetyl CoA, 1 propionyl CoA, 8 FADH2, and 8 NADH 6 acetyl CoA, 1 propionyl CoA, 7 FADH2, and 7 NADH 6 acetyl CoA, 1 propionyl CoA, 6 FADH2, and 6 NADH
For each of the following proteins describe how the protein function would be altered (or not) in the following scenarios: A receptor tyrosine kinase that always dimerizes even in the absence of ligand 3-ketoacyl-CoA transferase (SCOT) that is expressed in the liver. CPT1 that doesn’t have a malonyl binding site 4. acylCoA dehydrogenase with complex V inhibited
Briefly explain the malate-aspartate shuttle. Distinguish between this shuttle with the glycerol -phosphate shuttle based upon their transport of reducing equivalents and their potential for ATP synthesis.
A number of genetic deficiencies in acyl CoA dehydrogenases have been described. This deficiency presents early in life after a period of fasting. Symptoms include vomiting, lethargy, and sometimes coma. Not only are blood levels of glucose low ( hypoglycemia), but starvation-induced ketosis is absent. Provide a biochemical explanation for these last two observations.
X INCORRECT; see section 13.1 Enzymes occasionally display weak "“side" activities. Draw the structure of the product (other than ADP) of the reaction that results when pyruvate kinase, operating in reverse, uses lactate as a substrate. For your structure: 1. Do not include primary or secondary hydrogens. CH2 HO OH Edit Drawing
19) Consider the table of allosteric effectors and their effect on the following metabolic processes. Glycolysis Gluconeogenesis PDH complex Krebs cycle acetyl-CoA Not applicable AMP Not applicable + glucagon Not applicable Not applicable - Each row contains one error. Correct the error in the table below Table 2 Correction (indicate process and effect (+ or -) acetyl-CoA AMP glucagon - Briefly explain the effect of each allosteric effector on the corrected pathway (based on Table 2 above)

SEE MORE QUESTIONS

Recommended textbooks for you

Biochemistry

ISBN:

9781305577206

Author:

Reginald H. Garrett, Charles M. Grisham

Publisher:

Cengage Learning

Biology 2e

Biology

ISBN:

9781947172517

Author:

Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann Clark

Publisher:

OpenStax

Human Physiology: From Cells to Systems (MindTap …

Biology

ISBN:

9781285866932

Author:

Lauralee Sherwood

Publisher:

Cengage Learning

Biochemistry

ISBN:

9781305577206

Author:

Reginald H. Garrett, Charles M. Grisham

Publisher:

Cengage Learning

Biology 2e

Biology

ISBN:

9781947172517

Author:

Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann Clark

Publisher:

OpenStax

Human Physiology: From Cells to Systems (MindTap …

Biology

ISBN:

9781285866932

Author:

Lauralee Sherwood

Publisher:

Cengage Learning

SEE MORE TEXTBOOKS