Suppose the Zambian legislature passes a law requiring that 1 billion Kwacha a year be raised viatwo new taxes, one on good X and another on good Y, but leaves the choice up to the FinanceMinister on what rates to choose for tx and ty. Suppose that these goods are produced bycompetitive industries at constant marginal cost and suppose the demand and supply curves are foreach kind of good are known, and the goods are neither complements nor substitutes.(a) How should the governor choose the various tax rates to minimize the total excess burdenraised by the new taxes?(b) Finally, suppose that demand for good X is less elastic than demand for good Y. Does thatmean the tax rate on X will be higher or lower?(c) If the reason X demand is less elastic is that richer people consume more X and they canafford the extra taxes, does this undermine or enhance the case for the tax scheme youproposed?

Step 1: Step 2: Step 3: Step 4:

Answered: Suppose the Zambian legislature passes…

ENGR.ECONOMIC ANALYSIS

14th Edition

ISBN:9780190931919

Author:NEWNAN

Publisher:NEWNAN

Chapter1: Making Economics Decisions

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1QTC

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This question asks you to find the socially optimal outcome. Suppose a social planner takes the demand function and cost functions as given, and can choose (i) the market price, (ii) the number of firms, and (iii) the quantity produced by each firm [the planner is free to choose any quantity, even if the firms would lose money]. The social planner’sgoal is to maximize the sum of consumer surplus and firms’ profits. To do this, the planner will take into account the two economic principles of efficiency, (i) Allocative efficiency which implies price=mc. (2) Efficiency in production, which means that the cost of production of the total market quantity should be minimized. Suppose the demand function is Q(p) = 40 – 5p. For each of the following cost functions, what market price, number of firms and quantity for each firm will the social planner choose?a) C(q) = 20 + 4qb) C(q) = 3 + q^2/3 + 3q.
This question asks you to find the socially optimal outcome. Suppose a social planner takes the demand function and cost functions as given, and can choose (i) the market price, (ii) the number of firms, and (iii) the quantity produced by each firm [the planner is free to choose any quantity, even if the firms would lose money]. The social planner’sgoal is to maximize the sum of consumer surplus and firms’ profits. To do this, the planner will take into account the two economic principles of efficiency we discussed in class, (i) Allocative efficiency which implies price=mc. (2) Efficiency in production, which means that the cost of production of the total market quantity should be minimized. Suppose the demand function is Q(p) = 40 – 5p. For each of the followingcost functions, what market price, number of firms and quantity for each firm will the social planner choose?a)C(q) = 20 + 4qb) C(q) = 3 + q^2/3 + 3q.
1. There are 10 producers each with a cost curve C(q) = q². The demand curve is given 2000 10p. Each producer creates a MEC (marginal external cost) of $100 per unit produced. by D = a) What is the competitive equilibrium quantity produced and consumed? b) What is the efficient quantity?
ase:Most of the world’s governments have struggled to handle the issue of allowing consumption of forbidden goods, such as alcohol, cigarette, tobacco etc. to its population. Various methods of control have been exercised world over, such as, complete ban on these goods, a restricted consumption regime with quota on consumption or quota on selling, price floors keeping the price of these goods high up in order to reduce demand and imposing high taxes to generate same effect. None of thee seem to have worked to control the availability and consumption of such goods by the society. These are called social bads, as they not only are harmful for the person consuming them, there are external effects on others, such as family and friends and the larger society.In Rampur, Alcohol are forbidden, so people trade Alcohol bottles in a black market. The Alcohol demand is QD = 12 − P , and the supply is Qs = 2P(a) Find the equilibrium price and quantity in the black market.(b) The government…
Only typed answer and please don't use chatgpt The inverse demand for leather is given by P = 50-0.5Q. The industry supply of leather is determined by its marginal cost: MC = 0.4Q. Unfortunately, the production of leather causes noxious chemical residue to leach into groundwater supplies. The external marginal cost caused by these residues grows with the amount of output, and is measured as EMC = 0.05Q. 1A. How many leather is produced in the free market if the externality is not corrected. B) What is the free market price of the leather if the externality is not corrected? C) What is the social marginal cost?
Suppose the government is considering an increase in the toll on a certain stretch of highway from $.20 to $.40. At present, 80,000 cars per week use that highway stretch; after the toll is imposed, it is projected that only 75,000 cars per week will use the highway stretch. Assuming that the marginal cost of highway use is constant (i.e., the supply schedule is horizontal) and equal to $.20 per car, what is the change in social surplus attributable to the increase in the toll? (Hint: The toll increase will cause the supply schedule, not the demand schedule, to shift.) Calculate government revenues from the increased toll. A. $18,750 B. $37,500 C. $15,000 D. $1000
The Chief Medical Officer has advised the government that consumption of widget-corn improves the survival rate of COVID-19 by 20%. Suppose the supply and demand functions for widget-corn are:QD = 100 – 5P (1)QS = 5P. (2)P is the price in dollar and Q is the quantity in kilograms.a. Determine the market equilibrium price and quantity of widget-corn? Calculate the consumer surplus, producer surplus, and total economic surplus at the market equilibrium. Having confirmed the positive impact of widget-corn consumption on COVID-19 patients, the government has ordered widget-corn sellers to charge $5 per kilogram.(i) What type of price regulation policy is this? Briefly explain. (ii) Calculate the impact of the policy on the quantity of widget-corn supplied and demanded. (iii) Explain the impact of the policy consumer surplus, producer surplus, and total economic surplus. (iv) Is the outcome of the government’s policy efficient and, therefore, maintained or abandoned? Explain in detail. d.…
Assume the market for headbands is characterized by a downward sloping demand curve and an upward sloping supply curve. Suppose there is an improvement in technology for producing headbands. Which of the following would occur? A C E The total surplus (sum of producer and consumer surplus) would increase B The change in equilibrium price would cause total producer surplus to increase D The impact on total consumer surplus would be indeterminate, because of the offsetting impact of the changes in equilibrium price and quantity The supply curve would shift up, resulting in an increase in the equilibrium quantity and total producer surplus The demand curve would shift right in response to an increase in equilibrium price https://bcps.schoology.com/common-assessment-print/course/6305214264/6083116066?multipleQuestions=1&includeAnswerkey=1&includeBlank 10/33
The Chief Medical Officer has advised the government that consumption of widget-corn improves the survival rate of COVID-19 by 20%. Supposethe supply and demand functions for widget-corn are:QD = 100 – 5P (1)QS = 5P. (2) P is the price in dollar and Q is the quantity in kilograms.a. Determine the market equilibrium price and quantity of widget-corn? b. Calculate the consumer surplus, producer surplus, and total economic surplus at the market equilibrium. c. Having confirmed the positive impact of widget-corn consumption on COVID-19 patients, the government has ordered widget-cornsellers to charge $5 per kilogram.(i) What type of price regulation policy is this? Briefly explain. (ii) Calculate the impact of the policy on the quantity of widget-corn supplied and demanded. (iii) Explain the impact of the policy consumer surplus, producer surplus, and total economic surplus. (iv) Is the outcome of the government’s policy efficient and, therefore, maintained or abandoned? Explain in detail.…
consider the following graph of the marginal benefits (MB) and marginal costs (MC) of producing paper. (This is not a question about externalities). Assume fixed costs are zero. Also, these aren't damages and abatement costs. $ MC MB° h f b d a Раper Suppose the firm produced at qa. Which area best represents the inefficiency associated with this level of production? o a. {e} P {f} OC {f-b} Od {e+c}
Which of these is a negative production externality? An airline manufacturer must hold up production of a plane at great cost due to delays in its global supply chain. A cereal manufacturer suffers losses due to a drought and unexpected increases in market prices of grains that it uses in its cereals. O Consumers complain to the wrong regulators about price gouging in gasoline markets. A producer of lead for batteries that are used nationwide emits noxious gases in its factory town and local people are getting sick. Thch Save
Next, consider an example of DWL in the labour market. Suppose the demand for labour is given by the fixed gross wage W = $16. The supply is given by W = 0.8L. (a) Illustrate the market geometrically. (b) Calculate the equilibrium amount of labour supplied, and the supplier surplus. (c) Suppose a wage tax that reduces the wage to W = $12 is imposed. By how much is the supplier’s surplus reduced at the new equilibrium?

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