5. Fiscal policy, the money market, and aggregate demandSuppose there is some hypothetical economy in which households spend $0.50 of each additional dollar they earn and save the $0.50 they have leftover. The following graph plots the economy's initial aggregate demand curve (AD)).Suppose now that the government increases its purchases by $2 billion.Use the green line (triangle symbol) on the following graph to show the aggregate demand curve (AD) after the multiplier effect takes place.Hint: Be sure the new aggregate demand curve (AD;) is parallel to AD,. You can see the slope of AD, by selecting it on the following graph?PRICE LEVEL118114112110100100104102100Me,100102104106108110112114116AD₂AD₂ The following graph plots equilibrium in the money market at an interest rate of 1.5% and a quantity of money equal to $45 billion.Show the impact of the increase in government purchases on the interest rate by shifting one or both of the curves on the following graph.INTEREST RATE30to2.52.0ܡܐ100Money SupplyMoney Demand304560MONEY (Billions of dollars)7590Money DemandMoney SupplySuppose that for every increase in the interest rate of one percentage point, the level of investment spending declines by $1 billion. Based on thechanges made to the money market in the previous scenario, the new interest rate causes the level of investment spendingby

John Maynard Keynes devised the AD-AS model to explain changes in the economy's production and price…

The following graph plots equilibrium in the money market at an interest rate of 1.5% and a quantity of money equal to $45 billion. Show the impact of the increase in government purchases on the interest rate by shifting one or both of the curves on the following graph. ? INTEREST RATE 30 2.5 20 1.5 10 0.5 O 0 15 Money Supply Money Demand 30 45 60 MONEY (Billions of dollars) 75 90 Money Demand 101 Money Supply Suppose that for every increase in the interest rate of one percentage point, the level of investment spending declines by $1 billion. Based on the changes made to the money market in the previous scenario, the new interest rate causes the level of investment spending by

The following graph plots equilibrium in the money market at an interest rate of 1.5% and a quantity of money equal to $45 billion. Show the impact of the increase in government purchases on the interest rate by shifting one or both of the curves on the following graph. ? INTEREST RATE 30 2.5 20 1.5 10 0.5 O 0 15 Money Supply Money Demand 30 45 60 MONEY (Billions of dollars) 75 90 Money Demand 101 Money Supply Suppose that for every increase in the interest rate of one percentage point, the level of investment spending declines by $1 billion. Based on the changes made to the money market in the previous scenario, the new interest rate causes the level of investment spending by

MACROECONOMICS

14th Edition

ISBN:9781337794985

Author:Baumol

Publisher:Baumol

Chapter9: Demand-side Equilibrium: Unemployment Or Inflation?

Section9.A: The Simple Algebra Of Income Determination And The Multiplier

Problem 4TY

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5. Fiscal pollcy, the money market, and aggregate demand Suppose there is some hypothetical economy in which households spend $0.50 of each additional dollar they earn and save the $0.50 they have left over. The following graph plots the economy's initial aggregate demand curve (AD1). Suppose now that the government increases its purchases by $2.5 billion. / Tools Use the green line (triangle symbol) on the following graph to show the aggregate demand curve (AD,) after the multiplier effect takes place. Hint: Be sure the new aggregate demand curve (ADs) is parallel to ADj. You can see the slope of ADi by selecting it on the following graph. Suppose that for every increase in the interest rate of one percentage point, the level of investment spending declines by $0.5 billion. Based on the changes made to the money market in the previous scenario, the new interest rate causes the level of investment spending to _____ by____ A-z T Tips Tips Taking the multiplier effect into account, the…
4 HOMEY set of any of yes to $30 -0- -o- My ly Suppose that for every increase in the sterest rate ens peresage the end of westmant spending decies by 565 bon Based on the anes the level of investments to b Suppose that for every increase in the interest rate of one percentage point, the level of investment spending declines by $0.5 billion. Based on the changes made to the money market in the previous scenario, the new interest rate causes the level of investment spending to by Taking the multiplier effect into account, the change in investment spending will cause the quantity of output demanded to known as the by at every price level. The impact of an increase in government purchases on the interest rate and the level of investment spending is effect. Use the purple line (diamond symbol) on the graph at the beginning of this problem to show the aggregate demand curve (ADS) after accounting for the impact of the increase in government purchases on the interest rate and the level of…
3. Suppose an economy had aggregate demand components with the following relationships: Consumption Spending, C-140 +0.60*(DY) Investment Spending, I-25 +0.15"Y Government Spending, G-0 Net Export Spending, X=0 Tax Collections, Tx = 0 a. What is the equilibrium income for this economy (Show your work)? b. If the Government decided to Increase G spending by 6, what would be the new equilibrium income for this economy (Show your work)? Page 2 bed tooing c. If instead the Government decided to Reduce Tx (taxes) by 10 (i.e., send checks to people), what would be the new equilibrium income for this economy (Show your work)? d. If instead the Government decided to Increase G spending and Increase Tx (taxes) by 20, what would be the new equilibrium income for this economy (Show your work)?
5. Fiscal policy, the money market, and aggregate demand Suppose there is some hypothetical economy in which households spend $0.50 of each additional dollar they earn and save the $0.50 they have left over. The following graph plots the economy's initial aggregate demand curve (AD₂). Suppose now that the government increases its purchases by $2.5 billion. Use the green line (triangle symbol) on the following graph to show the aggregate demand curve (AD₂) after the multiplier effect takes place. Hint: Be sure the new aggregate demand curve (AD₂) is parallel to AD₁. You can see the slope of AD, by selecting it on the following graph. ? 116 114 112 110 108 106 104 102 100 5 AD₁ 100 0 0 102 104 106 108 110 OUTPUT (Billions of dollars) 112 5 known as the The following graph plots equilibrium in the money market at an interest rate of 3% and a quantity of money equal to $15 billion. Money Supply 114 Show the impact of the Increase in government purchases on the Interest rate by shifting one…
5. Fiscal policy, the money market, and aggregate demand Suppose there is some hypothetical economy in which households spend $0.50 of each additional dollar they earn and save the $0.50 they have left over. The following graph plots the economy's initial aggregate demand curve (AD). Suppose now that the government increases its purchases by $5 billion. Use the green line (triangle symbol) on the following graph to show the aggregate demand curve (AD) after the multiplier effect takes place Hint: Be sure the new aggregate demand curve (AD) is parallel to AD, You can see the slope of AD, by selecting it on the following graph. ? 114 112 15.0 110 104 12.5 75 10.0 102 100 2.5 100 105 The following graph plots equilibrium in the money market at an interest rate of 7.5% and a quantity of money equal to $45 billion. 115 110 120 125 130 135 OUTPUT (lions of dollars) Show the impact of the increase in government purchases on the interest rate by shifting one or both of the curves on the…
7. Fiscal policy, the money market, and aggregate demand Suppose there is some hypothetical economy in which households spend $0.50 of each additional dollar they earn and save the $0.50 they have left over. The following graph plots the economy's initial aggregate demand curve (ADI). Suppose now that the government increases its purchases by $2.5 billion. Use the green line (triangle symbol) on the following graph to show the aggregate demand curve (AD) after the multiplier effect takes place. Hint: Be sure the new aggregate demand curve (AD₂) is parallel to AD₁. You can see the slope of AD₁ by selecting it on the following graph. PRICE LEVEL 116 114 112 10 110 108 106 104 102 AD₂ AD AD3 100 100 102 104 106 108 110 112 114 116 OUTPUT (Billions of dollars)
5. Fiscal policy, the money market, and aggregate demand Suppose there is some hypothetical economy in which households spend $0.50 of each additional dollar they earn and save the $0.50 they over. The following graph plots the economy's initial aggregate demand curve (AD1). Suppose now that the government increases its purchases by $2.5 billion. Use the green line (triangle symbol) on the following graph to show the aggregate demand curve (AD₂) after the multiplier effect takes pla Hint: Be sure the new aggregate demand curve (AD2) is parallel to AD₁. You can see the slope of AD₁ by selecting it on the following gra (?) PRICE LEVEL 116 114 112 110 108 106 104 102 100 100 12 AD₁ 10 102 104 106 108 110 112 OUTPUT (Billions of dollars) 114 116 Money Supply Į þ The following graph plots equilibrium in the money market at an interest rate of 6% and a quantity of money equal to $15 billion. AD2 Show the impact of the increase in government purchases on the interest rate by shifting one or…
3. The consumption function Suppose that national income in a country is $30 billion, taxes paid by households is $10 billion, household consumption is $18 billion, and the marginal propensity to consume (MPC) is 0.8. On the following graph, use the blue line (circle symbol) to plot the economy's consumption function. CONSUMPTION (Billions of dollars) 50 45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 0 5 + + + 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 DISPOSABLE INCOME (Billions of dollars) O $25.2 billion $26.8 billion $24.4 billion 45 0.8, Suppose now that country's national income increases to $34 billion. Assuming the amount paid in taxes is fixed at $10 billion and that MPC = what will be the new household consumption? $21.2 billion 50 Consumption Function (?)
Assume that, without taxes, the consumption schedule for an economy is as shown in the first two columns of the table below. Suppose that a lump-sum (regressive) tax of $10 billion is imposed at all levels of GDP. a. Calculate the tax rate at each level of GDP and enter the tax, disposable income, consumption, and tax rate in the table.Instructions: For the tax, disposable income, and consumption after tax, enter your answers as whole numbers. For the tax rate, round your answers to 2 decimal places.SEE PICTURE!!! b. Compare the MPC and the multiplier with those of the pretax consumption schedule. Instructions: For the MPC, round your answers to 1 decimal place. For the multiplier, enter your answers as whole numbers. SEE PICTURE!!!
The following table shows the real output demanded and supplied at various price levels in a hypothetical economy. Real Output Demanded (Billions of dollars) 20 40 60 100 160 Price Level (Index number) 160 120 80 40 20 Real Output Supplied (Billions of dollars) (Billions of dollars) 170 160 140 100 Note: Line segments will automatically connect the points. 40 On the following graph, use the blue points (circle symbols) to plot the aggregate demand (Initial AD) curve for the economy. Then use the orange points (square symbols) to plot the short-run aggregate supply (SRAS) curve for the economy.
6. Graphical treatment of taxes and fiscal policy The main difference between variable taxes and fixed taxes is that unlike fixed taxes, variable taxes The following graph shows the consumption schedule for an economy with a given level of taxes. Suppose the government implements a tax increase through a fixed tax. Use two green points (triangle symbol) to connect the two black points (plus symbols) representing the consumption schedule after the change in taxes. Hint: The new consumption schedule must pass through one point on the left and one point on the right. REAL CONSUMER SPENDING (Billions of dollars) 8 40 30 8 0 + + + O + ++ 20 40 60 REAL GDP (Billions of dollars) 80 + O + 100 Consumption with Tax Increase through a Fixed Tax Consumption with Tax Increase through a Variable Tax The blue line on the next graph represents the original total expenditure line for this economy before the change in tax structure. Use the new consumption line you just plotted to calculate the new…
Show the impact of the increase in government purchases on the interest rate by shifting one or both of the curves on the following graph. INTEREST RATE 3.0 2.5 2.0 1.0 0.5 0 0 15 Money Supply known as the Money Demand 30 45 60 MONEY (Billions of dollars) 75 90 Money Demand Money Supply ? Suppose that for each one-percentage-point increase in the interest rate, the level of investment spending declines by $2.5 billion. The change in the interest rate (according to the change you made to the money market in the previous scenario) therefore causes the level of investment spending to by After the multiplier effect is accounted for, the change in investment spending will cause the quantity of output demanded to by at each price level. The impact of an increase in government purchases on the interest rate and the level of investment spending is ▼ effect. Use the purple line (diamond symbol) on the graph at the beginning of this problem to show the aggregate demand curve (AD3) after…