States of Matter
The substance that constitutes everything in the universe is known as matter. Matter comprises atoms which in turn are composed of electrons, protons, and neutrons. Different atoms combine together to give rise to molecules that act as a foundation for all kinds of substances. There are five states of matter based on their energies of attraction, namely solid, liquid, gases, plasma, and BEC (Bose-Einstein condensates).
Chemical Reactions and Equations
When a chemical species is transformed into another chemical species it is said to have undergone a chemical reaction. It consists of breaking existing bonds and forming new bonds by changing the position of electrons. These reactions are best explained using a chemical equation.
Acetylene, C2H2, is used in welding torches. It releases a lot of energy when burned in oxygen. The combustion of one gram of acetylene releases 48.2 kJ. A 0.750-gram sample of acetylene is burned in a bomb calorimeter (heat capacity =
1.117kJ/oC) that contains 800.0 g of water. The final temperature of the bomb and water after combustion is 35.2oC.
The sum of the coefficients of the balance reaction for the combustion of acetylene is _____.
__C2H2 (g) + __O2 (g) --> __CO2 (g) + __H2O (g)
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