What are the B-oxidation products of lauric acid (C12H2402), a major component of coconut oil? A.6 acetyl-CoA, 6 NADH, 6 FADH2 B. 6 acetyl-CoA, 5 NADH, 5 FADH2 C. 5 acetyl-CoA, 6 NADH, 6 FADH2 D. 5 acetyl-CoA, 5 NADH, 5 FADH2
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CHOOSE THE CORRECT LETTER
1.What are the B-oxidation products of lauric acid (C12H2402), a major component of coconut oil?
A.6 acetyl-CoA, 6 NADH, 6 FADH2
B. 6 acetyl-CoA, 5 NADH, 5 FADH2
C. 5 acetyl-CoA, 6 NADH, 6 FADH2
D. 5 acetyl-CoA, 5 NADH, 5 FADH2
2.What is the mechanism of ATP synthesis in glycolysis?
A. substrate level phosphorylation
B. reduction
C. oxidation
D. oxidative phosphorylation
3.Which of the following enzymes need ATP as a substrate in the reaction?
A.phosphoglycerate kinase
B. phosphofructokinase
C. pyruvate kinase
D.glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase
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- Study Figure 19.18 and decide which of the following statements is false. Pyruvate dehydrogenase is inhibited by· NIADH. Pyruvate dehydrogenase is inhibited by AΤΡ. Citrate synthase is inhibited by NADH. Succinyl-CoA activates citrate synthase. Acetyl-CoA activates pyruvate carboxylase.Complete oxidation of a 16-carbon fatty acid can yield 129 molecules of ATP Study Figure 19.2 and determine how many ATP molecules would be generated if a 16-carbon fatly acid were metabolized solely by the TCA cycle, in the form of S acetyl-CoA molecules.A. What would happen in the Krebs cycle with the loss of activity of phosphoglycerate kinase? What would happen in glycolysis? 10. What happens to glycolysis with the addition of high amounts of citrate? What happens to ETS? 11. What happens in the Krebs cycle with a block in fumerase? 12.If an amino acid enters the Krebs cycle at the acetyl CoA entry point, how much more ATP is being made than if it enters at a keto-glutarate?
- Fill in the blanks below (input numbers only!) about the metabolism of hexanoic acid, a fatty acid that is one of the components of vanilla, and whose formula is CH3(CH2)4COOH: First, the fatty acid is activated by attaching CoA, which costs ATP molecules. The fatty acid is then broken down through a beta-oxidation spiral, to make acetyl CoA molecules. This will require "turns" of the beta-oxidation process. Since each turn of the cycle yields ATP molecules, and each acetyl COA will yield ATP molecules by going through the rest of its metabolism, the net ATP molecules produced from one molecule of this fatty acid will beSelect the BEST answer. Increasing the concentration of Fructose-2,6 bisphosphate would Inhibit Phosphofructokinase 2 Increase the concentration of Fructose-1,6 bisphosphate (phosphofructose isomerase) O increase the synthesis of glycogen Increase the carboxylation of Ac-CoA to make more malonyl-CoA increase the concentration of PyruvateComplete the balanced equation for the synthesis of the fatty acid. x Acetyl-CoA + y ATP + z NADPH + z H+ CH3(CH2)20COOH + x CoA+ y ADP + y Pi + v H₂O + Z NADP+ x=12 y=11 z=22 v=10 x=5 y=4 Z=8 v=3 x=7 y=6 Z=12 v=5 x=11 y=10 z=20 v=9
- CHOOSE THE CORRECT LETTER 1.Which of the following enzymes catalyze the reaction involved in the production of FADHy in the Kreb's cycle?A. malate dehydrogenaseB. a-ketoglutarate dehydrogenaseC.isocitrate dehydrogenaseD. succinate dehydrogenase 2.Steric acid requires eight cycles of B-oxidation to be completely converted to acety/-CoA.A.TrueB. FalseStep 2 of B-oxidation involves a reaction with chemistry characterized as a dehydration. B-Oxidation is shown below. H HO || || C-C-S – CoA FAD но R-CH2- C Acyl-CoA dehydrogenase H-C-C -S- CoA Acetyl-CoA Fatty acyl-CoA H FADH2 - CH2 - -c-S- CoA R- Thiolase Fatty acyl-CoA shortened by two carbons COA-SH H. он Successive cycles R-CH2-C-C- -C-S- CoA R– CH2 C=C-C-S-CoA H B-Ketoacyl-Co.A trans-A²Enoyl-CoA NADH + H* H,0 H H L-Hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase Enoyl-CoA hydratase R- CH,-c-c-C- S-CoA Но H NAD+ L-B-Hydroxyacyl-CoA True O FalseConsider the docosanoic acid, C21H43CO2H a. Label the a and B carbons b. Draw the acyl CoA derived from this fatty acid c. How many acetyl CoA molecules are formed by complete B-oxidation? d. How many cycles of B-oxidation are needed for complete oxidation? e. How many molecules of ATP are formed from the complete catabolism of this fatty acid?
- What is the rate-limiting step in the synthesis of acetyl CoA? oxidation regeneration of lipoamide decarboxylation transfer to lipoamide transfer to CoA-CHOOSE THE CORRECT LETTER- 1.Which of the following molecules were derived from acetyl CoA?A. amino acids, cholesterol, beta-hydroxybutyrateB.fatty acids, cholesterol, beta-hydroxybutyrateC. fatty acids, alpha-ketoglutarate, acetoacetateD. fatty acids, cholesterol, pyruvate 2.All the following statements about the free energy of glycolysis and gluconeogenesis are true, EXCEPTA. The conversion of glucose to 2 lactate yields a net of 2 ATPB. The conversion of glucose to 2 pyruvate yields 2 NADH and a net of 2 ATPC. The conversion of 2 pyruvates to glucose requires 4ATP, 2 GTP and 2 NADHD. Gluconeogenesis requires 6 more ATP per glucose that what were derive from glucose to glycolysisB1. Complete the Kreb's Cycle Acetyl CoA Citric Acd Malate dehydrogenase NADH NAD Isocitrate NAD Isocitrate Fumarase dehydrogenase NADH Fumarate NAD" FAD COASH Succinate dehydrogenase Succinate Succinyl CoA Succinyl CoA synthetase B2. How many ATP molecules can be produced from 4 molecules of Acetyl CoA if all of them enter the Kreb's Cycle? Assume all the energy yielding products enters the electron transport chain.