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Decaffeinated coffee is produced by extracting the caffeine from coffee with a solvent. Initially dichloromethane
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General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry - 4th edition
- A 1 mL sample of glycogen was calculated to contain 35 µmol (micromole) glucose. To 1 mL of this sample was added 2 mL of 2 M HCL. It was then hydrolysed by boiling the solution for 15 minutes. After boiling the hydrolysate was cooled and made up with H2O to a final volume of exactly 10 mL. The glucose was measured in this solution and found to have a concentration of 570 µg/mL (microgram/milliliter). i) Calculate the mass (mg) of glucose in the 10 mL of hydrolysate. As the 1mL of glycogen sample was made up to a final volume of 10 mL, this mass of glucose was produced by the hydrolysis of the original 1 mL glycogen sample. ii) Calculate the amount (µmol) of glucose produced by the hydrolysis of the glycogen sample. iii) Calculate the purity of the glycogen used in the sample as % Purity = (moles of measured glucose/ moles of calculated glucose in glycogen) *100 iv) state your answer in a complete sentence.arrow_forwardWhy cannot oils and water-soluble products be mixed and heated together? Why should heating be at approximately 70 to 75 deg. C.?arrow_forward1) Calculate the theoretical oxygen demand (mg/l) of a solution containing 450 mg of glucose (C6H12O6) in 2 liters of distilled water. Note: The relevant reaction involves glucose and oxygen reacting to form CO₂ and H₂O.arrow_forward
- Ascorbic acid has a chemical formula of C6H8O6 and is water soluble. A solution containing 80.5 g of ascorbic acid is dissolved in 210g of water. The resulting solution has a density of 1.22g/mL at 55°C. Calculate the mass percentage of the ascorbic acid in the solution.arrow_forwardWhere does ammonia separate from water?arrow_forwardA state of dynamic equilibrium exists between the solid sucrose (table sugar) molecules, C12H22O11, and sucrose molecules dissolved in aqueous solution for a saturated sucrose solution. a. Write the equation to represent the dynamic equilibrium. b. What change occurs in the concentration of dissolved sucrose if more solid sucrose is added to the saturated system? Explain. c. If water is added to the saturated solution and the equilibrium is reestablished, what change occurs to the amount (moles) of dissolved sucrose? Explain. d. If water is added to the saturated solution and the equilibrium is reestablished, what change occurs in the concentration (molarity) of dissolved sucrose? Explain.arrow_forward
- Suppose you are presented with a clear solution of sodium thiosulfate, Na2S2O3. How could you determine whether the solution is unsaturated, saturated, or supersaturated?arrow_forwardExplain the role of steam in facilitating the distillation of essential oils.arrow_forwardDoes washing your hands with soap help prevent the spread of coronavirus? The structure of soap molecules is like the lipids in the membrane layer of the virus. The soap molecules can surround the virus and remove it from the skin. It is also thought that soap molecules can disrupt the lipids in the membrane and can therefore 'disintegrate' the virus. Sodium laurate is a common soap molecule. It has the formula CHa(CH 2) 10 CO2- Na.. Sodium laurate can be produced from coconut oil and sodium hydroxide. Questions: 1. What are the reactants needed for this reaction? 2. Write down the chemical reaction in the production of sodium laurate. 3. What do you call the process in soap preparation?arrow_forward
- Testosterone is a steroid. Predict the solubility of this structure in water.arrow_forwardDetermine if concentrated ethanol and water are incompatible. If they are incompatible, state the hazardous conditions which would result from mixing the wastes.arrow_forwarda) Explain what catalytic cracking and catalytic reforming are and how they work in oil refineries. b) Explain how fractional distillation works in terms of thermodynamics.arrow_forward
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